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Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles can regulate functions of targeting cells in lesions and have fewer risks in treating diseases. In central nervous injury lesions, stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles can promote neurogenesis and angiogenesis and regulate nervous inflammation, which promotes the recovery of the nerve injury. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles can ease Aβ protein-related neuron damage in Alzheimer's disease. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles also can deliver microRNA and chemotherapeutic agents to neuroglioma cells. This review introduces recent advances in using stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in treating central nervous system diseases.
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Objective: To study the effects of celastrol on the proliferation, apoptosis and migration of human Glioma U87 cells and investigate its preliminary action mechanism. Methods: MTT assay were used to evaluate the effects of celastrol on U87 cells proliferation, and flow cytometry were performed to detect U87 cells apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential. Expression of apoptosis related proteins in mitochondria pathway were detected by western blotting. Transwell migration assay and wound healing assay were used to study the migration ability of U87 cells. Results: After treatment with different concentrations of celastrol, the proliferation of U87 cells was significantly inhibited. The flow cytometry assay showed that celastrol decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and induced the apoptosis of U87 cells. The mechanism of apoptosis showed that celastrol could significantly regulate the expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome C, caspase-9, and caspase-3 in mitochondria pathway. Additionally, celastrol significantly inhibited the migration of U87 cells. Conclusion: Celastrol significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis of U87 cells, which may be mediated by the regulation of mitochondrial pathway related apoptosis proteins.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of surgical excision combined with iodine-125 implants intmcavitary radiotherapy for neumglioma Method After excision,27 patients with nenroglioma were implanted with the iodine-125 into the tumor bed or the residual tumor tissues.Results Of all cases,there were no operative mortality and no serious complication.The survival time of 25 cases exceeded 6 months and 1 glioblastoma recurrence,22 cases exceeded 12 months,3 glioblastoma and 1 astrocytoma Ⅲgrade recurrence.There were 19 cases exceeding 24 months,15 cases no recurrence,3 cases died for cere bral hernia because of giving.up further tremment,1 case surviving.Conclusions Surgical excision Combined with iodine-125 implants intracavitary radiotherapy can improve partial control rate,prolonged the survival time of patients with neuroglioma,and complications is rare.It is an efficient therapy for neu roglioma
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Objective To study the anti-neuroglioma effect of methyl-mercuric chloride(MMC) by observing the morphological changes of apoptotic neuroglioma cells induced with MMC in rats with brain neuroglioma.Methods The rat models of neuroglioma were established,and divided into two groups.The rats in experimental group were lavaged with MMC 1 week after injected with C6 glioma cells,10 mg?kg-1every day,the rats in control group were treated with sodium chloride at the same dose.24 d after inoculation all rats were sacrificed except natural death,the brain tissues were obtained,and the pathohistological changes were observed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope.Results The macropathological result showed that the tumor volume in experimental group was smaller than that in control group.Under light microscope,in experimental group the growth density of C6 ghioma cells was lower than that in control group,and the apoptotic cells with smaller volume and karyopyknosis were found.The result of transmission electron microscope showed that in experimental group,the glioma cells had some changes such as karyopyknosis,chromoplasm margination,nuclear fragmentation and vacuolar degeneration and so on.Conclusion MMC has inhibitory effect on the proliferation of C6 glioma in rats in vivo,its mechanism may be related to inducing the apoptosis of neuroglioma cells.
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Objective:The therapic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester(CAPE) in neuroglioma was to be investigated in this article.Methods:Athymic mouse model was constructed for therapic observation when tumor was treated by CAPE in vivo.Then Real-time PCR was employed to detected the expressing level of c-myc and ?-catenin genes in Wnt/?-catenin signaling pathway when U251 cells were treated by CAPE.Results:CAPE could inhibit the growth of neuroglioma in athymic mouse through drug oral application.The mRNA and protein expression of ?-catenin were inhibited.Furthermore,c-myc gene,which was the downstream of?-catenin gene,was also down-regulated after the drug treatment.Conclusion:The expressing level of ?-catenin and c-myc genes were down-regulated after CAPE treatment, by which the growth of neuroglioma could be inhibited.